Aug 7, 18:13

The DRC and Uranium for Iran

The Lumbumbashi uranium mines in the Democratic Republic of Congo produced the uranium that allowed the United States to build its first atomic bombs used against Japan in 1945. Now the Sunday Times is reporting that Iran has been trying to buy large quantities of uranium and smuggle it out through Tanzania. They know because one large shipment was stopped in Tanzania in October 2005 when it was discovered during a routine check. No one knows how many have gotten through.

This again highlights the dangers of stateless areas and failed states in the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and the enabling of rogue regimes.

Few know what goes on in this area of the DRC, a nation that has been in a perpetual state of conflict for more than a decade. The central government controls little and the armies of neighboring countries, along with armed Congolese warlords, control these mineral-rich areas that operate beyond state supervision. U.S. and European intelligence services are virtually blind in such regions.

It is interesting that North Korea a few years ago also attempted to mine uranium from the same abandoned Shinkolobwe mine, supposedly closed in 1961. Two of the most isolated governments in the world finding the same area hospitable to their efforts to acquire vital ingredients for their weapons of mass destruction tells you a lot about the current state of the DRC.

While presidential elections were recently held, there is little prospect that the fractured results will allow for the emergence of a coherent government. Even if they do, reestablishing sovereignity over the vast nation will require years if not decades.

And therein lies the threat. It is not just states that turn criminal that pose a danger to our strategic interests by providing logistical and financial support to Islamist groups and organized criminal gangs. It is states that cannot control areas of access to vital resources that pose an equal threat.

The first glimmers of the attempted Iranian smuggling of uranium came in a July 18 report submitted to the U.N. Security Council monitoring the international sanctions on the DRC. The official report is expected to be released soon. The uranium was reportedly hidden amid a shipment of coltan, a mineral ore used to make cell phones and computer chips. The coltan was bound for Kazakhstan, via the Irania port of Bandar Abbas.

The report by the experts said: “In reference to the last shipment from October 2005, the Tanzanian government left no doubt that the uranium was transported from Lubumbashi by road through Zambia to the united republic of Tanzania.”

Lubumbashi is the capital of mineral-rich Katanga province. The mine has officially been closed since 1961, before the country’s independence from Belgium, but the UN investigators have told the security council that they found evidence of illegal mining still going on at the site.

posted by Douglas Farah

  1. Uh huh, riiight. “The British Government Sunday Times has learned that Saddam Hussein Iran recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa.” Let’s not fall for this BS again.


    — John Steven    Aug 7, 21:46    #

  2. I can understand the reaction, but this is a different case entirely. The stuff was found, turned over to be disposed of and documented by the U.N. The Niger uranium was under almost complete control of the French. Here, no one knows what goes on in those regions. i was in DRC when the North Koreans were trying to reopen the mine and buy it. So, while the timing is bad, the situation is not a repeat of the Iraq-Niger scam.


    — Douglas Farah    Aug 8, 01:08    #

  3. Reagardless, many ppl will take that story with a grain of salt and wait for more detials, question is why would Iran want to buy that from Chad when they have mines of their own.

    Neat blog Douglas, i have an story idea for you as a followup to you book about terrorism financing, an investigation of the root cause of terrorism, maybe you can start with a break down of all the UN resulotion agaisnt Isreal since the country was formed, then you can talk about the affects of all the land grabs conducted by Isreal where the UN memebers clearlly want Isreal to withdraw and return what they occupied then you can go on the Taliban and what and why they came into being, then touch on the PPK and the help it got from the US against Iraq and the help its getting to stir up things in Iran. Are you up for the task??


    — flabergasted    Aug 8, 11:34    #

  4. I want to believe you, Mr. Farah, but color me sceptical, too. The UN has been known to have it’s price, just ask Kofi Annan’s son.

    This does not, in any way, diminish your point that stateless and failed state areas are holding fire sales for ghod only knows what and for whom. Just stay with the money.


    — vachon    Aug 8, 14:45    #

  5. I am extremely skeptical of any news regarding the words “Africa”, “uranium”, and “Iran/Iraq/North Korea”. We’ve all seen this before, and Bush’s state of the union was a perfect example of poor intelligence, or creative intelligence.

    Further, if the US and Europe have so few assets in this area, how are we to believe this story has any validity? And it is interesting that the same UN who can’t be trusted to determine Iraq’s WMD capability, can suddenly be believed to have a valid report on Iran’s possible WMD capability.

    “There’s an old saying in Tennessee—I know it’s in Texas, probably in Tennessee—that says, fool me once, shame on—shame on you. Fool me—you can’t get fooled again.”

    G “Dubya” Bush—East Literature Magnet School, Nashville, Tennessee, September 17, 2002


    — Patrick    Aug 8, 15:22    #

  6. THere are oh-so-many problems with this story. The SUnday Times has been reporting astounding “leaks” about Iran for a while – none of which ever pans out. The article itself talks breathlessly about “bomb-making Uranium” and makes references to Hiroshima but these are all classical scare-tactics: uranium ore is practically useless for bomb-making, its just rocks. You can buy the stuff over the internet. To be useful for bombs, many tons of the stuff has to be purified to over 90%. Furthermore, if you read the story carefully, you’ll see that all the UN report (allegedly) says is that the material was going from Congo to Tazania. The claim about Iran comes from an anonymous Tazaninian official, not the UN. And even then, the stuff was supposedly actually bound for Kazakhstan (not Iran) for smelting. Finally, Iran already has all the uranium it needs.


    — hass    Aug 8, 16:12    #

  7. Steven D at Booman is likewise skeptical:

    Stop me if you’ve heard this one before

    by Steven D

    Tue Aug 8th, 2006 at 11:23:51 AM EST

    According to the Times (The Sunday Times of London this time) a Middle Eastern oil rich country, the main financier and leader of international terrorism, tried to smuggle uranium out of Africa:

    IRAN is seeking to import large consignments of bomb-making uranium from the African mining area that produced the Hiroshima bomb, an investigation has revealed.

    A United Nations report, dated July 18, said there was “no doubt” that a huge shipment of smuggled uranium 238, uncovered by customs officials in Tanzania, was transported from the Lubumbashi mines in the Congo.

    Tanzanian customs officials told The Sunday Times it was destined for the Iranian port of Bandar Abbas, and was stopped on October 22 last year during a routine check. [...]

    It has also emerged that terror cells backed by Iran may be prepared to mount attacks against nuclear power plants in Britain. Intelligence circulating in Whitehall suggests that sleeper cells linked to Tehran have been conducting reconnaissance at some nuclear sites in preparation for a possible attack.

    The parliamentary intelligence and security committee has reported that Iran represented one of the three biggest security threats to Britain. The UN security council has given Iran until the end of this month to halt its uranium enrichment activities. The UN has threatened sanctions if Tehran fails to do so

    Please note what the Times doesn’t say. It doesn’t say their reporters actually saw this UN report. It doesn’t provide any evidence for the supposed terrorist threat to Britain’s nuclear facilities. It’s main source for the report is an unnamed “Tanzanian official.” And what that official has to say seems somewhat incredible:

    (UPDATEs #1 and 2 below the fold)

    The customs officer, who spoke to The Sunday Times on condition he was not named, added: “The container was put in a secure part of the port and it was later taken away, by the Americans, I think, or at least with their help. We have all been told not to talk to anyone about this.”

    Now, for at least two years, the Bush administration has been actively planning for war with Iran, and for longer than that they have been promoting Iran’s nuclear program as a serious threat to our Nation. Can you imagine anyone in the Bush administration keeping this story secret until now when they have been working so hard to build the case that Iran is the most dangerous country on the planet? This is the Bush administration that trumpets captured Al Qaida members even when their disclosure prematurely disrupted a sting operation to roll up that captured member’s confederates in England and elsewhere.

    I’m sorry, but this story smacks of a disinformation campaign. The story originates in another country (just as the Niger yellowcake story did) and then is allowed to percolate into the US media from abroad, giving it the appearance of truthiness. That was the same the modus operandi employed with the Niger yellowcake story about Saddam’s supposed attempts to get uranium out of Africa, a story we now know to be a complete fabrication created or abetted by SISMI, an Italian intelligence Service.

    It also ignores the obvious fact that Iran has its own uranium mines, some which began production in 2003 and others which began production this year. These mines within its borders are more than capable of producing more than enough U-238 for its needs. Yet, once again we are asked to believe that Iran, rather than using its own uranium, felt the need to smuggle yellowcake out of deepest, darkest Africa.

    If this wasn’t so serious, the farcical aspects would make me laugh. These people can’t even think of a new lie, they just recycle one they already used for Iraq, hoping no one will notice, I suppose. Hell, if Iran needed to smuggle uranium, their are far countries it borders who produce more than enough, and our just as corrupt and chaotic as any African nation. Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan for starters. Not to mention all the loose nukes and nuclear material in Russia, which may also be available on the black market, should Iran feel the need to go there. That, instead, they would be involved with a bizarre smuggling scheme to get a miniscule amount of yellowcake ore (50kg per barrel according to the Times article) strikes me as simply ludicrous. That small quantity of raw ore isn’t worth the trouble to smuggle.

    Just wait. This story will be all over the US newspapers and cable news shows by September, along with allegations of how Hizbollah is so tightly controlled by Iran, that Hizbollah will do whatever its masters in Teheran demand, including terror attacks in Britain and the US of A. And I predict that, in time, it will be proven as false as the Niger yellowcake tale, but not before scaring the holy bejeebus out of the American public this Fall


    — eCAHNomics    Aug 8, 18:23    #

  8. Fool me once, fool me twice, fool me thrice—sh*t, fool me every time. armscontrolwonk’s analysis + a nice one on Niger uranium:

    Iran Sought Significant Quantities of Uranium from Africa.

    posted by jeffrey under iran

    Sorry, couldn’t resist.

    By now, most of you have probably heard that the London Sunday Times reports that a shipment of smuggled uranium from Congo was intercepted on its way to Iran:

    IRAN is seeking to import large consignments of bomb-making uranium from the African mining area that produced the Hiroshima bomb, an investigation has revealed.

    A United Nations report, dated July 18, said there was “no doubt” that a huge shipment of smuggled uranium 238, uncovered by customs officials in Tanzania, was transported from the Lubumbashi mines in the Congo.

    This is a frighteningly inaccurate version of events.

    The United Nations Security Council Committee Established Pursuant to Resolutipon 1533 (2004) Concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC Sanctions Committee, for short) releases periodic reports by a group of experts about the effectiveness of sanctions on Congo. In a report dated 18 June 2006, the group of experts reiterated the well-known fact that artisanal mining for a variety of minerals continues at the Shinkolobwe mine, an environmental and human catastrophe.

    But, you know, Congolese people eking out a living from artisanal mining in a shockingly dangerous and polluted environment hardly registers for the Sunday Times editors.

    The plight of poor Africans, apparently, doesn’t sell papers.

    (The Sunday Times could take a lesson from Sir Bob.)

    So, how might one sex up this story, to borrow a British phrase?

    Now, the 18 July sanctions report does mention that Congo has a real physical protection with regard to radioactive materials.

    This isn’t suprising given what we know about conditions in Congo these days. In fact, a couple of years ago, the BBC ran a story about illegal uranium mining in Congo, allegations that are confirmed in the 18 June 2006 report:

    149. During an investigation into alleged smuggling of radioactive materials, the Group of Experts has learned that such incidents are far more frequent than assumed. According to Congolese experts on radioactive materials, organs of State security have, during the past six years, confiscated over 50 cases containing uranium or cesium in and around Kinshasa. The last significant incident occurred in March 2004 when two containers with over 100 kilograms of stable uranium-238 and uranium-235 were secured.

    150. In response to a request for information by the Group of Experts the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania has provided limited data on four shipments that were seized over the past 10 years. Unfortunately the Government chose not to provide information about the quantities of the seized consignments nor

    the specific method of smuggling. At least in reference to the last shipment from October 2005, the Tanzanian Government left no doubt that the uranium was transported from Lubumbashi by road through Zambia to the United Republic of Tanzania. Attempts via Interpol to learn the precise origin within the Democratic

    Republic of the Congo have remained inconclusive.

    Specifications of radioactive material Place where confiscated Date when confiscated

    Uranium ore standard (U-238) Dar-es-Salaam 24 August 1996

    Cesium-137 Dar-es-Salaam 24 April 1997

    Uranium-238 and radium 226 (Ra 226) Dar-es-Salaam 26 October 2002

    Uranium-238 Dar-es-Salaam 22 October 2005

    The UN report, as you may note, does not mention Iran or Kazakhstan, details that the Sunday Times claims to have obtained from anonymous Tanzanian customs officials.

    A couple of things worth keeping in mind.

    First, said Tanzanian customs officials told the Sunday Times the shipment was bound for land-locked Kazakhstan via the Iranian port of Bandar Abbas:

    The shipment was destined for smelting in the former Soviet republic of Kazakhstan, delivered via Bandar Abbas, Iran’s biggest port.

    This fact, which flatly contradicts the headline (“Iran’s plot to mine uranium in Africa”), is safely buried in the seventh paragraph, by which point the average Sunday Times reader will be too worked up to realize he’s reading utter trash.

    Second, this is not a large consignment in the sense of the “Saddam Hussein sought significant quantities of uranium.”

    The shipment was 100 kilograms of uranium ore—which contains about 70 grams of fissile U-235. A bomb would require 25 kilograms of uranium enriched to 90 percent U-235 —well more than 3 metric tons of uranium ore. Fueling a clandestine uranium enrichment program with 100 kilogram increments of ore would be a huge pain in the ass.

    The point is this: The story in the UN Report is not about Iran building a bomb, but rather the desperate conditions near the Shinkolobwe mine and DR Congo in general.

    After a portion of the Shinkolobwe mine collapsed in 2004, killing eight people, a UN inter-agency mission, led by the United Nations Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), through their Joint Environment Unit, visited the site. The UNEP/OCHA conclusion is notable:

    Shinkolobwe is representative of similar situations in Africa and elsewhere in the developing world. A strong link exists between rural poverty, environmental protection and this type of livelihood activity. Alternative income opportunities must be developed and integrated in parallel to artisanal exploitation if new livelihood options are to be found for these rural poor. A holistic, multidisciplinary approach within the context of poverty alleviation is essential to address this problem and avoid further human and environmental catastrophes.

    Not that the Sunday Times would tell you that.

    Comment

    15:30 Aug 09, 2006

    Department of Ass-Clownery

    posted by paul under iraq

    I recently ran across this December article

    from La Repubblica which contains an interesting piece of information RE: the Iraq/Niger/uranium thing. [Translation and original link via the Leftcoaster.]

    Members of the “Iraq really was uranium shopping” crowd, such as Christopher Hitchens frequently argue

    (yes, present tense) that Niger has nothing else of that Iraq would want. Therefore, these geniuses deduce, there was no other plausible reason for Iraqi officials to visit that country.

    [Check out more evidence of Hitchens’ penchant for being both obnoxious and spectacularly wrong on this subject.]

    Enter former senior French intelligence official Alain Chouet, who

    told La Repubblica that

    With a deep knowledge of Niger and of all the issues connected to yellowcake. My men stayed in Africa for a couple of weeks and, once back, they told me a very simple thing: ‘the American information on uranium is all bullshit’. When I read their report, I did not doubt their work nor, if you let me say so, my mind. I know Niger well but I can say that I have known Baghdad and Saddam even better. And I know that if Saddam had wanted to purchase yellowcake (which he already owned in great quantities) from Niger he would have never asked an Ambassador to open negotiations. Saddam did not trust anybody in his Foreign Office. He certainly didn’t trust his ambassadors around the world. For such a task he would have sent one of his sons. On the other hand, we knew the reason of the journey of Iraqi Ambassador to the Holy See, Wissam Al Zahawie. He had to identify an African country ready to accept the storage of the regime’s hazardous toxic waste, in exchange for money. In fact Namibia, which had been used as a dumping ground by Iraq, had told Baghdad they couldn’t go on contaminating their soil. I told the CIA the results of our mission in Niger. The Americans seemed very disappointed for what they had to hear. [emphasis mine]

    Great…


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commenting closed for this article

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